Ngasekuqaleni 2012 Engcwele Yemvelo Amasayithi Initiative wavakashela laseGuatemala Mayan lenkomfa yabaHoli Ezingokomoya, Oxlajuj Ajpop. Phakathi ride eside ngemuva iloli, umqondisi Oxlajuj Ajpop sika Felipe Gomez uchaza indlela Mayan abantu Okwamanje ngizabalaza ukuze ubuyisele inethiwekhi yokhokho amasayithi zemvelo engcwele ukuthi esongelwa nentuthuko kanye namaqembu ezenkolo.
Chu Sagrib-al, e enyakatho ntshonalanga Guatemala, is a entabeni engcwele amaMaya ezichazwe Popul Vuh njengoba esikhundleni Awakening of kwelanga. Photo: bass Verschuuren.
Singabantu sisendleleni eya Chu Sagrib'al, entabeni engcwele yasendulo ezichazwe Popul Vuh – incwadi yasendulo ezingcwele zabantwana Mayas – ngokuthi "indawo lapho ilanga waphaphama", ngokoqobo ekhombisa kokusa inkathi. Njengoba Felipe izinkulumo, entabeni engcwele kancane ikhula ngobukhulu njengoba siqhubekela phambili maqondana ke. I iloli ligcwele zobungoma okungokomthetho lamaMaya ingubo ngokwesiko ukuthi ziye zathuthelekela kusuka endaweni, ukukhathazeka ukuze ubuyele entabeni silondoloze kunenze nisondelane engcwele izindawo zabo ezikhethekile.
Nakuba ukugibela entabeni, Felipe kuchaza ukuthi ngemuva kwezimpi zombango eziningi emazweni mphakathi selihlukene futhi ubunikazi kuye kwadluliselwa kuyo abantu emphakathini. Oxlajuj Ajpop atholwe entabeni abanikazi bomhlaba bendawo eminyakeni eminingana edlule ukuze awuvikele ukuklaba kwezinkomo ngokweqile kuqothula nokumbiwa kwamaminerali. Phezulu entabeni manje ebiyelwe futhi emhlabeni site zemikhosi, abantu bendawo benza amacebo ukuqoqa imbewu lwendabuko futhi ubuyisele izimila zemvelo ukuze emahlathini nemifudlana ingavikelwa waphinda.
Oxlajuj Ajpop basebenza ngokuzikhandla iminyaka engaphezu 14 iminyaka ukuthuthukisa umthetho kubaphathi amasayithi engcwele. Lo mthetho wagcina ezifudumele ephalamende laseGuatemala e 2008. Ngokuhambisana nemithetho yamazwe omhlaba ezifana ILO 169 futhi UNDRIP, umthetho uphasisa umthwalo amasayithi engcwele ezandleni Maya zomdabu, Garifuna futhi Xinca abantu futhi ufuna ukuthola ukufinyelela ilungelo lokufinyelela, ukwenza emcimbini kanye nokuphathwa yamasiko amasayithi zemvelo nalolwakheke engcwele.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inzuzo umthetho okwandisa nokuxhaswa imisebenzi eyahlukene, ke, ayikatholakali kuze ngokusemthethweni bokutholwa. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngenxa ukuphikiswa kuyadida kusukela labo ukuvikela izithakazelo yangasese ngokwesaba izinkampani ukulahlekelwa ukufinyelela izinsiza zemvelo ezitholakala ezindaweni lapho amasayithi engcwele zenzeka. Nakuba eminingi yale izithakazelo ukusiza sikhuthazeke a khulula emakethe emnothweni, ngokuvamile ngakho kwenzeka ukuthi futhi wengeze ukuba izibonelo nakakhulu bokwephula lwebantfu bemdzabu amalungelo izindawo zabo nezindlela zokuphila. Ngenhlanhla, i-Mayan amasayithi zemvelo engcwele ayatholakala nakakhulu kwabanye ephalamende kusho uFelipe Gomez:
Umnyango wezamasiko isekela ukuvikelwa amasayithi zemvelo engcwele, kodwa ihamba emazwini isimo "amagugu esizwe" kuphela-altare esiqongweni sentaba ngenkathi kithi Maya, lonke entabeni – kuhlanganise amahlathi alo, amanzi kanye nezitshalo ezihlukene ezikuzo – kungcwele.
Le ncwadi ichaza mthetho ohlongozwayo kumasayithi engcwele Guatemala.
Ngomzamo ukuchaza kwemithelela engahle ibe khona umthetho imisebenzi eyahlukene, Oxlajuj Ajpop isungule incwajana ukuthi delineates ukuqaliswa izindlela futhi uchaza izinguquko ezingase zibe lomthetho elidingekayo ezindaweni amahlathi, tekuphatfwa kwemanti kanye nature nokongiwa. Ukuze wenze icala for reinstitution amalungelo zomdabu, Oxlajuj Ajpop umuntu wakhela phezu umthethosisekelo ukuthi sihlose Guatemala njengoba pluri zomthetho futhi multi isimo kwamasiko.
Phezu Chu Sagri'al, emcimbini ayeze close. Njengoba inkambiso isiko Mayan, abantu anikezwe ngekusasa amasayithi zazo ezingcwele emphakathini wesimanje. Ngemva kwalokho, kwakukhona isikhathi ukuqashelwa ngoba indima Oxlajuj Ajpop. Kwaya kucace ukuthi Oxlajuj Ajpop idlala indima ebalulekile ukuveza ukukhathazeka zendawo ezingeni likazwelonke.
Ukuletha abantu bendawo futhi amazwi abo ku inkhulumomphendvulwano abenzi inqubomgomo kanye imikhakha yezezimboni ngendlela okuphumelelayo futhi ezakhayo kuwumsebenzi ehloniphekile. Njengoba Engcwele Yemvelo Amasayithi Initiative isebenza ukusiza Oxlajuj Ajpop ne isivikelo esengeziwe amasayithi engcwele ngale 2012, sifunani maqondana Ngokuzayo ngenhloso ukwabelana ngaphezulu kwalokhu okwenzeka ekuphileni kwabathile ocebile nabanye abagcina emhlabeni wonke.
Funda kabanzi mayelana sites engcwele Guatemala, ukubuka ividiyo in the Media Gallery. Funda kabanzi mayelana kumiswa umthetho Ingobo yomlando Indaba eyimpumelelo noma IUCN sika 'Yemfihlo Izindaba'
