"... izintaba yisikhungo sokuxhumana esixhumanisa lezi zindawo ezimbili umhlaba nezulu ndawonye. Izintaba, noma kunjalo, azimele kuphela isimo sendawo, kodwa futhi iqukethe izincazelo ezingcwele eziphathelene nemvelaphi yezizwe zamaTai ..." - Hongsuwan
incazelo Site
Ezintabeni zaseChiang Mai kuhlala abantu abangamaLua, abanokuxhumana okuqinile ngokomoya nezindawo eziningana zezindawo eziphakeme zasendaweni. Okhokho babo bahlala esifundeni isikhathi esingaphezulu 1300 iminyaka. Bahlonipha imimoya emihle nemibi ngamasiko nomndeni. Le ndawo iphinde ibe yikhaya labacebile, ihlathi eligcinwe kahle. Ngokufika kwezokuvakasha esifundeni, iziphathimandla zendawo ziguqula ukubukeka ngezindlela ngezindlela ezingavumelani ngaso sonke isikhathi nabantu bendawo. Ukusungulwa kombhoshongo omuhle endaweni yethempeli elingcwele kuyisibonelo esivelele kunazo zonke.
izinsongo
Njengoba lolu cwaningo lwalugxile kakhulu ezicini zamasiko nokubukwa komhlaba, usongo olukhulu lapha lubhekwa njengengxabano efihliwe phakathi kwezindlela zokuphila eziphathelene nemifudlana ehlukene yezenkolo noma yamasiko. Kubonakala kuwusongo oludlulayo olungenamthelela ongalindelekile kumanani endawo endabuko esikhathini esifushane, kepha ubukhona besikhathi eside obuqhubekayo. Le mpi ivele isikhashana lapho kwakhiwa khona umbhoshongo wokubuka izivakashi eduze kwethempeli elifanekisela iNtaba i-Doi Suthep, abanye bomdabu abakubona njengamachashaza kubungcwele besiko lendawo. Okunye ukubonakaliswa kwalokhu kungqubuzana kungumbuzo wokuthi izitayela zokulima zabantu bendabuko baseLua zilimaza noma zisekele kangakanani imvelo.
Vision
Kuze kube manje, kunemibono ehlukahlukene kule ndawo, kuya ngenhlangano noma ngabantu ababuzwayo. Ngenkathi amanye amaqembu ekhathalela ikakhulukazi ukuvikela amanani wemvelo wesistimu yemvelo, ezinye zihlose ukuheha izivakashi zenkolo nezingezona ezezenkolo nokwenza inzuzo endaweni. Ngenkathi lokhu kokubili kuvumelana ngokujwayelekile ngokuvakasha kwezemvelo, abantu baseLua ngokwabo babonakala bethanda ukugcina iningi lezindawo zabo ezingcwele namasiko njengoba enjalo, unikezwe iqiniso lokuthi izindlela zabo zokuphila zibasebenzele kahle isikhathi esingaphezulu kwenkulungwane. Ezinye izifundiswa zinombono wokuthi ulwazi lwazo lwendabuko ngemvelo kufanele luthathwe ngokungathi sína ngabaphathi bepaki.
Ukusebenza ndawonye
Kuze kube manje, inethiwekhi yomphakathi waseLua ayinabo ubudlelwane obuqinile kakhulu nezinhlangano eziphethe ipaki likazwelonke. Izenzo zabantu ngokumelene nombhoshongo zinakho, Nokho, kuholele ezingxoxweni nasesivumelwaneni sokususa isikhunta phezulu kwaso nokunciphisa ukuphakama kombhoshongo ngesitezi esisodwa. Lokhu kungakhombisa okuhle ngezinkinga ezizayo, njengoba kukhombisile kubantu baseLua ukuthi ikomidi lasethempelini likulungele ukulalela okungenani ingxenye yezimfuno zabo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungaholela ebudlelwaneni bokuthembana obuseduze ngokuzayo.
Policy and Law
Abaphathi bethempeli bathi banamalungelo asemthethweni nobunikazi besiza, abangayisebenzisa ukuyakha kabusha ngokuthanda kwabo. Indawo ibekwe ngaphandle kwegunya lokuvikela leminye iminyango ebaluleke kakhulu yoBuciko, Amahlathi kanye namaPaki kaZwelonke.
Inhloso eyinhloko yeDoi Suthep-Pui National Park ukuvikela nokukhuthaza izinqubo zemvelo, ngenkathi kukhuthazwa imfundo yezemvelo nokuzilibazisa.
Ecology Biodiversity
Imvelo yezintaba yaseDui Suthep-Pui National park iyingxenye yezintaba zeThanon Thong Chai. Isimo sezulu sayo sipholile, ngezilinganiso zesizini ezisukela phakathi 6 futhi 23 ° C. Amanzi maningi ezimpophomeni eziningi zasendaweni ezisekela ukukhula kwamahlathi aqinile futhi ahlala eluhlaza no-Oaks noMagnolias. Ipaki lihlala ngaphezulu 300 izinhlobo zezinyoni ezizalela izidleke, amphibians ezingavamile, iMuntjac ejwayelekile (Muntiacus muntjak) nengulube yasendle (uSus). Abanye abantu bathi babone izinhlobo ezingavamile zezinyamazane ezimhlophe ezikhonkotha kanye negwababa elimhlophe, kepha ukuba khona kwalezi zilwane akuqinisekisiwe.
abagcina
AmaLua yizakhamizi zakudala kakhulu zepaki likazwelonke laseDoo Suthep-Pui, ukuba nobudlelwano obujulile bokomoya nentaba. Bangama-animists ngokwesiko, kodwa manje bangaphansi kwethonya elinamandla lamaBuddha. Babona ukwakheka kwento njengokukhuthazayo futhi kujule, kwesinye isikhathi inhlonipho esabekayo emazweni abo. Izindawo ezingcwele kakhulu ezinjengeziqongo zezintaba kukholakala ukuthi zihlala onkulunkulu abanamandla athile omlingo. Abantu baseLua benza imihlatshelo yezinja nezinkukhu ukukhombisa inhlonipho yabo konkulunkulu bendawo ezimeni zomndeni. Abavunyelwe ukuvakashela iziqongo. Okokulima, basebenzisa uhlelo lokujikeleza kwezitshalo olunemijikelezo cishe yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu, lapho kusetshenziswa khona isichibi esisodwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ilandelana, bese ushiya ukubuyisela ezingamashumi amabili. Ukuzingela akuvunyelwe ezindaweni ezithile ezingcwele, futhi kunenkolelo yokuthi labo abaphula lo mthetho ongcwele bazohlangabezana nokufa okuyindida. Ngenkathi abantu baseLua bephila impilo yabo yezikamoya ikakhulu ngokwabantu ngabanye nangokujwayelekile, izangoma zasemakhaya, Inzalo evela kubaholi basendulo ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile emasikweni amakhulu okufundisa abantu basemaphandleni emazweni abo.
Action
Abantu baseChiang Mai baphakamise imibhikisho bephikisana nokwakhiwa kwenqaba yokulinda i-Doi Suthep, ngenxa yokuncipha kwayo komqondo wokuqala wamasiko wendawo. Kwaphela izinyanga ezithile, bamele amalungelo abo ngokumasha emigwaqweni yedolobha laseChang Mai.
amathuluzi Conservation
Uhlelo lokulima lwabantu baseLua lusebenzisa imijikelezo ehlala isikhathi eside ekukhiqizeni izilimo, ukubhekela ukuvuselelwa kwehlathi futhi uvikele ukonakala kwenhlabathi. Ukutshalwa kwezinhlobo ezithile zerayisi kubekelwe isikhathi ngokusho kwenkathi yemvula. Ezinye izitshalo ezidliwayo, njengemifino, amakhambi nezithelo kutshalwa ezindaweni ezingahleliwe emasimini elayisi. Kutshalwa ubhontshisi we-Soy ukuvundisa inhlabathi ngokulungiswa kwe-nitrogen. Ngale ndlela, abantu baseLua bakha izindawo zamapulazi ezahlukahlukene lapho kugwenywa khona ngempumelelo ukubulala ukhula. Ngemuva kokufakwa kwesiza esilandelayo sokulima, a 6-8 umugqa wemithi wehliselwe kwiziphunzi, emva kwalokho kushiswa isichibi sehlathi langaphakathi. Iziqu zikhula kancane kancane zibuyele emahlathini anamahlathi ngesikhathi isiqephu sehlathi sisetshenziselwa ukulima.
Imiphumela
Ngenkathi ifa lemvelo lesiza ligcinwe kahle futhi lamukelwa ngabantu bendawo kanye neziphathimandla zepaki, kusamele kwenziwe umsebenzi wokuvikela amasiko abantu baseLua. Izingxoxo embhoshongweni omuhle ziyimiphumela ethembise kakhulu kulolo daba. Ngaphezu kwalokho izifundo zakamuva zeNyuvesi Kazwelonke zifaka isandla ekuqwashiseni okusha kwamazwe omhlaba, futhi nokusekela amandla okuxoxisana kwabantu baseLua ezingxabanweni ezizayo.
"Kungumzamo odukile wokuthi umbhoshongo ulingane nezwe ngokwesiko elilawulwa yithempeli kuphela. Empeleni kuba nomphumela wesithombe esibhakabhakeni semibhoshongo engamawele esentabeni iDoi Suthep ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukubusa kwamasiko nokubuka kwasekuqaleni, umuzwa wendawo namagugu amasiko angaphatheki ethempelini." - UPonpandecha noTaylor 2016.
I-Orng Supklom, shaman wasesigodini saseLa Oob naseSinga Wongtae, u-decsendant womndeni wakwaSamung
(Umthombo: N Pongpandecha)
Umbhoshongo wokuqapha uDoo Suthep ngaphambi kokuba kususwe ingxenye ephezulu
- I-Pongpandecha & UTaylor 2016 In: Verschuuren & Furuta (Eds) Abantu beLua: Amasiko, Izinkolelo Nezindawo Ezingcwele Zemvelo ku? Enyakatho yeThailand. In: Asian Sacred Amasayithi Natural: Ifilosofi Practice in Ezivikelwe futhi Conservation. Routledge, London. kk. 247-259.
