Site
Mt. Athos, waqanjwa ngemuva kwenani eliphakeme kakhulu, yinhlonhlo empumalanga ogwini olusempumalanga yeSifunda saseMacedonia, Greece. Kuyikhaya kuya kwezikhundla ezingamashumi amabili ezanele, liphefumulelwe amasiko obuKhristu aseMpumalanga E-Eastern Orthodox alawula indawo enokuzimela. Yize zinikezelwe eNcazweni MARY, Ukufinyelela kwabesifazane kule peninsula kwenqatshelwe ngempumelelo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenkulungwane yeminyaka. Ukuxhumanisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphakathi ngokomoya nokuhlola ukude nokuphela kwezulu le-MT Athos, Izindela zokuhlala zinomlando omude wokunakekelwa ngenhlonipho kwezimbali zasendaweni kanye nezilwane kanye namagugu amasiko wesayithi. Izinto eziphilayo zalo ezicebile kanye nokwakhiwa okuhlukile kwakuyizisusa zokumemezela indawo i-UNESCO Ihlanganiswe nePersitage Yasemakhosini Nasemvelo kanye Neziko. Intuthuko yakamuva yezemvelo nezomnotho, Nokho, shayela indlela ehlanganiswe ngokwengeziwe nokubambisana okunamandla neziphathimandla ezahlukahlukene zamaGrikhi.
Lemvelo and Biodiversity
Imithambeka emincane ye-MT. I-Athos ihlinzeka ngezwe elihlukahlukene ngokulandelana okusheshayo kwezimo zezulu nezendawo. Ama-grazers awekho, ukuvumela ukusungulwa kwehlathi eliminyene lokunquma, I-Confiferous and Medithera Scubland Izimila. Izimbali zendawo zifaka 1453 inti (okukhona 22 Ama-Greek Endemocs), ukuhlinzeka ikhaya le 131 zezinyoni, 37 izinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo, 14 izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye 8 ama-amphibians. Sekukonke, Mt. I-Athos ibhekwa kakhulu ngokuceba kakhulu ngokwezinto eziphilayo.
izinsongo
Ngenkathi ukuvumelana nemvelo sekugcinwe isikhathi eside, Isakhiwo esanda kwaqina somgwaqo sisebenza kusongela zombili lezi zindawo zemvelo namasiko. I-Wildfires ilahla izimbali nezilwane kanye nezindela ngokwazo. Umsebenzi wendawo wokuzamazama komhlaba wendawo uqhubeka nosongela ukwakheka kanye nezikhumbuzo zezakhiwo, Ngenkathi umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenzeka anciphise ukutholakala kwamanzi, okubangela ushintsho ecosystems.
abagcina
Mt. Izindela ze-Athos zinomlando omude futhi obhalwe kahle ezinezizinda ezahlukahlukene zezindela zama-Orthodox ezingamaKristu angamashumi amabili nantathu. Ku-a.d. 885 I-Byzantine Emperor Basil ngamemezela MT. I-Athos njengendawo ekhawulelwe izindela nama-hermits. Ukuchuma okuhlangene kwahlala kuze kube yikhulu neshumi nesithupha neshumi nesikhombisa, Lapho inkinga yezomnotho ihola izindela ukuze zithole uhlelo lwe-idriorhythmic, -phi, Ngokungafani nangaphambilini, ubunikazi bomuntu ngamunye buvunyelwe. Umpofu kodwa ubalulekile, Mt. I-Athos ihlala isikhundla esivelele ekukhanyisweni kwamaGrikhi ngesisekelo se-Athonite Academy. Imiphakathi yahlupheka phakathi kwezimpi zezwe kodwa imvuselelo yavela nomnyango omncane, Izindela ezifundile kahle eminyakeni engamashumi amane edlule. Mt. Izindela ze-Athos zihlala zenza amahlathi ngezindlela zendabuko, Isibonelo ngokukhawulela ukuhweba ngamabhande, Kepha intuthuko yakamuva yezomnotho ikhuphule ingcindezi kwimvelo yendawo. Amandla-ahlakaniphile imiphakathi ye-monastic ukuthi yanele ngokuphelele.
Amaphoyinti wokufinyelela afakiwe ukulawula ithrafikhi eMT. Athos. Izinto zokuhamba eziningi zinonyawo noma ngesikebhe, Izimoto ezithile kuphela ezivunyelwe. Abantu abavakashela i-MT. I-Athos idinga imvume namadokhumenti afanele ngaphambi kokuba angene. (Umthombo: B. Verschuuren 2007.)
Vision
Yize iningi lezingosi 'amagugu wemvelo namasiko ahlala elondoloziwe kahle, Izindlela zokulondolozwa ezihlelekile nokwamukelwa kwendlela ehlanganisiwe kungenzeka zithuthukise ukuceba kwazo zombili. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela kwemithelela yokushintsha izinsongo zemvelo kuzosiza ukuvumelanisa ne-ecology kanye nezakhiwo eMT. I-Athos yokunciphisa imithelela yesimo sezulu. I-TIMBER ekhiqizwa esizeni izoba yigugu kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe iyingozi kakhulu uma ibhekiswe esitimeleni esizinzile.
Action
Umphakathi oNgcwele ubambise ososayensi ukuze bakwazi ukubheka ukuqondisisa okwengeziwe ngezisongo zendawo yemvelo ', ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kokukhanya kokwakhiwa komgwaqo, Imililo nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Izincomo ezibangelwa izifundo zilandelwa ngenkuthalo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindela okuhlongozwayo ukuphathwa kwemvelo kanye nezinhlelo zokukhishwa kwezingodo, iguqulwe kahle nesimo sabo. Uhlelo lokuphatha wonke umuntu we-peninsula lubuye luthuthukiswe ngumphakathi oNgcwele, Ngokubambisana noMnyango Wezamasiko kanye neWorld Heritage Center of UNESCO.
Policy and Law
In 1926, Isimemezelo 10/16.09.1926 Ekuqinisekisweni kwe-Constitutional Charter of MT. Athos, kanye ne-athikili 105 izigaba 1-3 Ngomthethosisekelo wamaGrikhi, Imthwalo wemfanelo ophelele we-MT. Iziphathimandla ze-Athos zokuphathwa kwendawo, Ngokwesiko elide.
Umphakathi oNgcwele wawukhona, Nokho, Akuboniswanga ekuqondeni kwaso sonke isifunda se-MT. I-Athos njengendawo ehlanganisiwe yezwe lendawo yemvelo kanye namasiko nge-UNESCO ngoSepthemba 1988, Futhi ayidlali indima enqumayo ekuhlolweni kwendawo njengengxenye ye-Natura 2000 I-European Union Network ngezindawo zayo zemvelo nezinyoni ezi-Emplemic. Umphakathi uyakuvuma lezi zimemezelo kuphela ngaphakathi kohlaka lomlando nolusemthethweni lwePeninsula ye-Ahonite.
Coalition
Umphakathi ongcwele, Izingqinamba ezilawulayo ezithinta zonke izindlu zezindela, liqukethe abamele bonke 20 Izindela Zendawo. Izindaba ezinjalo zifaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwemigwaqo yokufinyelela kwezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Isigodlo ngasinye sinomthwalo wemfanelo osemthethweni wokuziphatha. Umbusi wombuso ubhekele izindaba zokuphepha kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yamaGrikhi. Ukwandisa ulwazi lokuncishiswa kwezinsongo ezingaba khona, Ukusebenzisana okusondele kufunwa yizikhungo zesayensi kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Ngo-Agasti 2013, Kwethulwa isifundo esihlanganisiwe kanye nezinkonzo zamaGrikhi zamasiko nemvelo kanye nesikhungo samaHeritage World.
Conservation Amathuluzi
Ngezeluleko Zamagugu Omhlaba kanye nokuphathwa kokuphathwa okuqhubekayo, Izifundo eziningana zezifundo ziveza ukuqonda ngezindlela zokwenza ukuphathwa okufanele kwePeninsula. Uhlelo lokuqapha lusiza ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo phakathi kwemiphakathi kanye nezindela. Ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kweHolm Oak namahlathi e-Hungarian oki, Indawo yokubukisa yatshalwa, Ukusebenza njengendawo yokutadisha yamahlathi e-Oak aseMedithera ngokuvamile.
Imiphumela
Ucwaningo 'ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwemithambeka entanjeni yomgwaqo wasehlathini ku-MT. Athos ' (Ithalente, 1999) kwakuwumphumela wokuqala obalulekile wokuzinikela phakathi kwezindela nososayensi bomhlaba. Kwaphethwa ngokuthi ukusungulwa kwezimila kuphumelele emithambekeni ephansi, Kepha lokho kungenelela kokubuyisa kuzozuzisa izimila emthambekeni ophakeme kune 5 amadesi. Kunconywe futhi ukuthi angazithambi izihlahla ezivuthiwe, Noma eduze komgwaqo. Kufakwe imihlahlandlela yokwakhiwa komgwaqo ngenkathi kunciphisa umthelela, okulandelayo kwalandelwa ngemiphumela ebonakalayo. Isifundo sesibili (UDafis noKakoros, 2006) waveza isincomo sokuthi iHolm Oak Thwebula inciphisa ubungozi bomlilo, futhi kuthuthukisa ukwehluka kwezinhlobo. Ezindaweni zokufunda, -kwanamuhla, Ukuqonda okusetshenziswa kabanzi kwemvelo kubuthene kuze kube manje.
- Le ncazelo yesiza yenziwe ngokusebenzisana ne Delos Initiative nabahlanganyeli bayo. Ithathelwe ocwaningweni olunzulu lwamacala olwethulwe futhi lwashicilelwa neDelos Initiative.
- Papayannis t. Ukuphatha Amagugu e-MT ATHOS. In: Mallarach j. et al. (Eds.). 2010. I Diversity Lamazwe Engcwele eYurophu. Ukuqhubeka komhlangano wesithathu we-Delos isinyathelo - Inari / Aanaawari, Greece.
- KaKouris P. Izenzo zokongiwa kwendawo eMount Athos. In: Papayannis t. kanye Mallarach J. (Eds.). 2007. Ukuqhubeka komhlangano wesibili we-Deles isinyathelo - I-Authupolis, Greece.
- Izigodlo Imiphakathi Ukulondoloza Imvelo, Ishidi Imininingwane.
- I-Mount Athos ifakwa kuhlu njengefa lomhlaba we-UNESCO ngaphansi komhlangano wamagugu omhlaba
- I-Sacred MT ATHOS, Idokhumenti kaChristine Schietss
