Site
Emngceleni ka omunye yasezinkangala izindawo elikhulu Central Italy futhi inhliziyo Simbruini Izintaba Regional Park, amanga Shrine encane Santissima Trinita (Kakhulu Holy Trinity). Isayithi itholakala ngaphansi 300 m emadwaleni. Ngenxa ukuthi ukubukeka yisakhiwo sodumo, yayiyisikhungo sokukhulekela kakade ngezikhathi zangaphambi kobuKristu. Kwaphela isikhathi esingaphezu yeminyaka, into esemqoka ukuba sibakhulekele bekulokhu isithombe atypical-zintathu Ongcwele, ababethi isitayela WaseByzantium edwaleni eliyinyabule ka omunye grottos eminingi kule ndawo. Ngosuku waminyaka yonke-zintathu (40 emva kwezinsuku Easter), izinkulungwane zabantu abavela ezindaweni endaweni engaba 50 km abuthele lapha. Zihlala ezintathu nobusuku izinsuku lapho ceaselessly ukucula futhi nithandaze. Abaningi eza ehamba noma sigibele amahhashi-ugibele izinsuku ezimbalwa, kanye nemizila eside esetshenziswa abelusi transhumant. Pilgrimage nemikhosi we Holy Trinity ukuhlala kwelinye ukubonakaliswa bangempela iningi Folk ukuzinikela ku lonke elase-Italy naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.
izinsongo
Esikhathini eyishumi nanhlanu edlule, endaweni eyakhelwe shrine seliye lakhuliswa ukuthuthukisa ethokomele nephephile ngenxa amashumi ezinkulungwane-pilgrim yonyaka. Eceleni ishayela waminyaka yonke pilgrim bendabuko, izivakashi ziya ziba mandla bakhangwa unyaka wonke nge idumela shrine ukuze azibeke abikezelayo, futhi sithuthuka yayo ukufinyeleleka kanye nezinye izingqalasizinda. Uma eziphikelelayo, Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu sekwandile ebingasongela ezinye zezimiso yemvelo futhi ngenxa yobuhle isayithi. Ukugcina ezimfundeni zinhlobo-abacebile yamatshe silvo-wokwelusa eziyigugu eziphathelene isayithi futhi basibukela phansi ekuncipheni nemfuyo kanye nokongiwa izinyathelo. Lezi iminyaka eminingi WOKUTSHALA IZIHLAHLA nelungelo ngamafomu yendabuko ukuphathwa, isibonelo kulinganiselwe ukuzingela nokuphathwa understory. Ekugcineni, ukuzinza okuqhubekayo imikhuba yenkolo kungaholela ukulahlekelwa ngefa esiyingqayizivele angaphatheki kwezamasiko elihlobene ne isayithi.
Vision Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kuyoba efiselekayo: (1) ukuqwashisa mkhulu phakathi kokubili abathintekayo ezinkulu kanye nomphakathi mayelana spectrum lesayithi egcwele amagugu; (2) babe ukusekelwa okuthe xaxa ngemizamo samanje epaki negunya bamukele indlela biocultural sokulondoloza; futhi (3) ukukhuthaza abathintekayo ezinkulu ukuxoxisana umbono ohlanganyelwe nokubeka esimeme ikusasa isayithi.
Conservation Amathuluzi Nakuba ngokusemthethweni evikelwe, ukongiwa heritages yemvelo futhi angaphatheki ngalesi indawo yemvelo engcwele ingazuza indlela baqaphela ngokwengeziwe, isibonelo liphefumulelwe IUCN-UNESCO Engcwele Yemvelo Amasayithi Iziqondiso evikelwe Area Abaphathi. Njengesinyathelo sokuqala, ocwaningo oluthile iye yenziwa kusukela 2010, ngenhloso ukuqonda ubunjalo biocultural isayithi ngokusebenzisa emvelweni (survey floristic, ukuhlaziywa ngekwendzawo) nezindlela social science (umhlanganyeli observation, izingxoxo ethnographic, Eenqhemeni okunqotjhwe kizo).
Imiphumela Lo msebenzi uhlanganisa ukucwaninga igcwaliswe kuze kube manje liye kufakazelwa nawubuka amagugu nezemvelo endaweni nemisebenzi bendabuko ezifana pilgrimage futhi isilwane ezaziphila ngokufuya. Ezinye izintandokazi imibono yabantu bendawo ngenqubekela esizayo baye baqoqa. Ngakho, lezi imizamo owagcizelele ohlukile namagugu angaphatheki elihlobene ne-shrine, ukusekela isimangalo indlela biocultural sokulondoloza. Lezi luyakheka kokuba landiswa ukwazisa izingxoxo esizeni Ukuphathwa kanye nokubusa, futhi ulungiselele izinqubo sokusebenzisana wokwakha esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Lemvelo and Biodiversity
okwakheke rock Karst kanye beech ihlathi obukhulu njani indawo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi umthombo wamanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu kule ndawo, emfuleni Simbrivio. Esikhathini Amathafa ezungeze, zezikhotha zinhlobo-ocebile adalwe ezaziphila ngokufuya isilwane ngezikhathi uphazamisa ihlathi. Izihlahla eziningi zasendulo, ngokuvamile pollarded noma efanayo ephethwe, bathola imisebenzi eminingi kulamadolobha nezimagqabhagqabha Grassland. A labantu ezingavamile Eriophorum Latifolium likhula izindawo ezinamadwala ngenhla shrine. Izimpisi usandza repopulating endaweni.
abagcina Kwakhiwa indlu enkulu yesonto ulala ngaphansi komuthi nendawo ethile ye-ukugcotshwa ka Anagni, okuyinto uqoka umpristi apposite (Umphathi) ukuze uyigade. I Umphathi uhlala ku-site ngesikhathi kuvulwa (Kwangathi esebenzisa Okthoba) futhi yengamela yesondlo nokusetshenziswa zenkolo shrine. Brotherhoods zabantu bendawo banendima eside futhi ukuzimela ekuhleleni imikhosi esemqoka, futhi esigxotsheni ngqo e site ukuphathwa. I brotherhoods eduze kakhudlwana babandakanyeka yokugcina yilezo kusukela Vallepietra, edolobhaneni eliseduze, futhi Subiaco, eduze edolobheni lapho ukuzinikela kuya Holy Trinity ihumusha ibe rituality eziyinkimbinkimbi unyaka wonke. Nakuba azikho imingcele esisemthethweni, ukubandakanya kuya brotherhoods ngokuvamile ngofuzo futhi, esimweni Subiaco, lwalulinganiselwe ukuba amadoda kuze kube muva nje. Amathafa emhlabeni shrine kuthiwa endaweni ze-ephethwe silvo-wokwelusa izakhiwo collective. Sikhishwe ekuncipheni kwemisebenzi yezomnotho bendabuko kanye ingcindezi ngincipha ku izinsiza, baye kufinyeleleke nalabo abangaphandle e exchange imali yonyaka phakathi namashumi athile eminyaka.
Ukubambisana okwamanje, ekwengameleni isayithi uhlala kuqhathaniswa wahlukana. Naphezu kwemizamo ngesikhathi isinyathelo wokubambisana, kukhona namanje kubonakala kungekho mbono bevumelene wabelane yibo bonke abayithandayo inqubekela main, leyo, abantu bendawo, abaqondisi, iBandla, kanye nokuphathwa epaki. Ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasemakhaya kwachazwa njengoba inhloso enkulu kwepaki okwamanje sokudalwa. Nokho, abantu bendawo abathi ukuthi ukunaka sesikhokhelwe ukuba namagugu endawo bendabuko, nokugxeka kuye kwanda eminyakeni ngenxa amahlazo zokuphatha. Kukonke, babambimsuka main babonakala sizogxila kakhulu value othize ezibalulekile kubo, kodwa akubonakali kukhona ukuba umbono ihlanganiswe phezu kuyasebenzisana okungokomoya, nemagugu emasiko nesimo emvelweni isayithi.
Policy and Law Lesi siqiwu badalwa Law Regional Lazio e 1983 futhi ngokwengxenye ligamanxa ne Natura European 2000 inethiwekhi. Ihlanganisa indawo mayelana 300km2, hhayi kuhlanganise izindawo yasezinkangala okuqondene izifunda angomakhelwane (Abruzzi). ukuphathwa kokungenela Minimal 'imvelo' njengoba ukusebenza futhi bakhuthazwa Natura 2000, akuyona eyanele yokwandisa nokongiwa ebukeka kwamasiko endaweni. Lokhu ukuphathwa ngokungakhethi osebenza umqondo wokuthi 'engokwemvelo' kubo bonke izindawo, futhi akusho ukuthi kuyikho ukubaluleka imikhuba namasiko elikhiqizayo (ezifana pastoralism, sezolimo olonga, nokuphathwa understory) ekudaleni amagugu yemvelo. amaqembu, ezifana isilwane nabelusi, babe nezwi okuncane izindlela zokuthathwa kwezinqumo, naphezu emelela imisebenzi bendabuko ukhiye. Abanye abadlali, ezifana iSonto, izithakazelo athize eliqhutshwa eziza kuqala zesifunda noma kazwelonke. Ngakho, ukuphathwa imibuso liphefumulelwe IUCN Isigaba V ezindaweni ezivikelwe avele ifaneleka kakhulu.
Ukubhekelela Wena waphenduka emehlweni Le ndoda nangokoma, wayewaxinile Masinyane amatshe Athululé amanzi ngokuduma zonke iqiniso - iculo Traditional okudumisa-zintathu Ongcwele.
- Frascaroli, F., Bhagwat, S., Guarino, R., Chiarucci, A., Schmid, B. (e cindezela) Izindawo zokuthandaza Central Italy ukonga isitshalo ukwehluka futhi izihlahla ezinkulu. AMBIO.
- Frascaroli, F., Verschuuren, B. (2016) Ukuxhumanisa ukwehluka biocultural namasayithi engcwele: ubufakazi kanye nezincomo kohlaka European. In: Agnoletti, M., Emmanuel, F. (Eds.) ukwehluka Biocultural eYurophu, Cham: Springer Verlag, p. 389-417.
- Frascaroli, F., Bhagwat, S., Diemer, M. (2014) Ukwelapha izilwane, imiphefumulo yokudla: Amanani ethnobotanical ezizindeni engcwele Central Italy. i-Economic Botany 68: 438-451.
- Frascaroli, F. (2013) EbuKatolikeni futhi nokongiwa: bezikhali amasayithi yemvelo engcwele kwemisebenzi yokongiwa kwemvelo e Central Italy. Lemvelo Human 41: 587-601.
- Bernardini Ethembekile, F. (2000) Akekho ingena umhlaba moonless: Ethnography we waya Sanctuary zintathu Ongcwele ka Vallepietra. Tivoli: Isifundazwe waseRoma.
