Site
Lolu cwaningo luqhathanisa izindawo ezimbili zemvelo ezingcwele eRepublic of Guinea Bissau. Izindawo ezingasogwini zaseBijante (Iziqhingi zaseBijagos) kanti iColage ogwini olusenkabeni yezwe iyahluka ngokwendawo kodwa iyafana ngokwesiko. Kunjalo, Ngokwesibonelo, zombili zivikelwe ngabagcini bendabuko. Yomibili iqukethe imihlume namahlathi ashisayo. Imiphakathi yasendaweni ibonakala ngokubambisana okuphezulu phakathi kwabantu abanenkululeko yabo, kepha hlonipha amalungelo nezidingo ezihlangene zenkolo. Imikhuba yokuthwasa eyenzeka emahlathini angcwele noma ezindaweni zemvelo ezizungezile ikhomba ukudluliselwa kwentsha ezigabeni ezintsha zobudala. Ngenkathi uColage elele epaki likazwelonke laseCacheu, IBijante iyingxenye yendawo yokugcina izinto eziphilayo yaseBolama-Bijagos, akuvikelwe ngokomthetho.
Lesi fetish sikhombisa umngcele wendawo engcwele yasolwandle noma yasolwandle iKawawana. Ihlotshaniswa namathebhu maqondana nokufinyelela nokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza njengokudoba, ukuhamba ngesikebhe futhi kulokhu futhi kuvuna izihlahla zemihlume njengoba ubona ngemuva. (Photo: inkantolo kaJulien Semelin.)
abagcina
Abantu bendawo baseColage bayingxenye yeFelupe, ngenkathi abantu baseBijante bebizwa ngamaBijagos. Impilo kulezi zindawo ilawulwa ngabadala belandela imikhuba namasiko akudala. Izibalo zomphakathi ezibaluleke kakhulu zehlathi laseColage yilezi Ekuseni (Inkosi) the Alamba (umnikazi womhlaba), the Obiapulo (Umphathi womkhosi) kanye UMgcinimafa (Indoda yezokwelapha). Umpristi omkhulu unakekela umlilo ongcwele kanye nendlu engcwele yemimoya. ndawonye, bafundisa izizukulwane ezisencane ngesikhathi semikhosi. Le miphakathi ixhunyaniswe ngokuqinile nendawo yayo engokwemvelo ngokusebenzisa amasiko nezinkolelo zayo. Wonke amalungu omphakathi aqala ukwenza iminikelo ezindaweni ezingcwele zemvelo esemncane.
INkosi u-Oronhó ibusa indawo yaseBijante ngokwenza inkolo, imisebenzi yezenhlalo nezepolitiki. Ungaphansi komkhandlu wabadala wendawo. Ngaphandle kwezibalo ezimbalwa ezisemqoka ezibhekele ukonga amasayithi emvelo angcwele, inkolelo yendawo ukuthi izinkuni ezingcwele ziyazigcina. Ezinye zazo zitholakala kuphela kubantu besilisa, abanye ngabesifazane kuphela. Lezi zindawo zilawulwa ngezinganekwane zasendaweni kanye namathebhu mayelana nokufinyelela noma ukudoba ezindaweni ezingcwele zemvelo. Kukholakala ukuthi ukungena ngokungemthetho kufaka unswinyo lwemvelo eyindida ngabankulunkulu.
Vision
Ukuqashelwa kwengubo kuthungathwa kuzo zonke izingosi zemvelo ezingcwele ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezindawo ezivikelwe. Ukunikezwa amandla okusebenza komphakathi kubonakala kuyisinyathelo esinengqondo. Ukwenza imephu yezindawo ezingcwele zemvelo ezingaziwa kungasiza ukuzibeka ngaphansi kokuvikelwa ngokomthetho kepha kuseseyinselelo ukulungisa ngqo imithetho kazwelonke yamanje ukwenza izindlela zokulondolozwa ezifiselekayo endaweni. Kulezo zindawo ezingcwele zemvelo ezisezindaweni ezivikelwe, abaphathi kumele baqinisekise futhi basekele ukuqhubeka kwemikhuba e-Sacred Natural Site enamasiko noma nenani lomoya njengoba kufanele.
Amas Cocuillier Petit kassa: Isihlahla esingcwele seBaobab simi ogobeni lomfula. I-baobab iyinhlobo yokubaluleka kwamasiko aphezulu e-Afrika nut futhi kwenzeka nase-Australia. Izihlahla zeBaobab zisebenza njengezimpawu zezindawo zokuhlangana kodwa zibalulekile futhi njengezindawo zokuxhumana namadlozi. (Photo: inkantolo kaJulien Semelin.)
Lemvelo and Biodiversity
Lesi sifunda siqukethe ikakhulukazi ama-savanna, amahlathi awomile futhi omile, umhlume namasiko elayisi. Imihlume engcwele (I-Rhizospora sp.) namahlathi (UCeiba pentandra) esifundeni ngokuvamile kunokuhlukahlukana okuphezulu kunezindawo zazo ezizungezile, ukunikela ngezitshalo ezidliwayo nezelaphayo emiphakathini yasendaweni. Izilwane esifundeni zifaka iManatee yaseNtshonalanga Afrika (UTrichecus senegalensis), ufudu oluhlaza (I-Chelonia mydas) nengwenya yeNayile (ICrocodylus niloticus).
izinsongo
Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle kusongela umhlaba ongcwele osogwini esifundeni futhi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kungaphazamisa imvelo. Kusondele kakhulu, nokho usongo lwesimanjemanje. Amaqembu angaphandle athuthukisa inkolelo yokuthi lezi zifunda zibuyela emuva futhi azithuthuki futhi ziphazamisa ulwazi lwendawo lokuhambisa. Ukudideka nokuphoqwa ubumpofu, abantu abasha bendawo bathuthela emadolobheni futhi abadala bathengisela ababambiqhaza abanamandla abaguqula amasimu abo abe amasimu e-cashew nut noma izindawo zokuthuthukisa ezokuvakasha. Ukudoba okujulile ngabadobi bangaphandle baseSenegal nabaseGuinea kusongela izinsiza zasolwandle futhi kunciphise ukutholakala kwezinhlanzi emiphakathini yasendaweni.
Umgcini we "Ikholaji" imibukiso yesayithi engcwele yemvelo iholela endleleni yokungena esihlahleni lapho kutholakala khona isiza. AmaBijagóans axhumene nomhlaba ngemicikilisho ewalandela ngokuphila nokufa. Cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zazo zonke 88 Iziqhingi eziqhingini zeziqhingi izindawo ezingcwele zamalungu aqaliwe. (Photo: Lafiba.)
Coalition
I-FIBA (IBanc d'Arguin International Foundation) isekela ucwaningo endaweni. Yomibili le miphakathi itholakala endaweni enkulu ephethwe ngokusemthethweni ngumlawuli kanye nombusi. empeleni, Nokho, amalungu omphakathi asunguliwe esifundeni aphatha amasayithi ngokwawo, kwesinye isikhathi ngosizo lwezezimali oluvela epaki noma endaweni yokugcina izinto eziphilayo. Inkosi, Ngokwesibonelo, kuphawula ukuqala kwezinkathi zezolimo nezinsuku zemikhosi emikhulu. Amanye ama-NGO ezemvelo ayasebenza ezifundeni ezimbili, ngenkathi ipaki elekelela izikole nemithombo yabantu bendawo.
Action
Imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo esifundeni kuze kube manje igxile ekulawuleni izindawo zokudoba kanye nasekuvikeleni ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo ngokujwayelekile kunasezindaweni zemvelo ezingcwele. Ngenkathi abantu abaqaliwe bendawo bethatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokonga amahlathi angcwele, ososayensi nabaphathi benze ama-firs maps kanye nabagcini, okukhombisa izindawo ezithile ezingcwele zemvelo ezifana neBijante neColage. Ososayensi nama-NGO baphinde baqwashisa ngezinkinga zendawo namathuba ezindawo ezingcwele zemvelo.
amathuluzi Conservation
Ukuthambekela komhlaba jikelele ekuqapheliseni lezi zingosi kunikeza ithuba elihle lokwamukela kwendawo ukubaluleka kwazo. Amamephu abambe iqhaza wezindawo, isimo kanye nezinsongo zamasayithi emvelo angcwele kunikeza ukuqonda okwenza abenzi bomgomo bakwazi ukuthuthukisa imithetho ethile yokuvikela lezo zingosi. Izifundo zesayensi zibuye zikhulise ukuqwashiswa ngezinsongo eziqhubekayo zamasayithi wemvelo angcwele futhi zisize ukubeka ukongiwa kwalawa masayithi ku-ajenda yezombusazwe yaseGuinea-Bissau.
Policy and Law
IBijante itholakala endaweni yokugcina izinto eziphilayo yaseBolama-Bijagos, neColage epaki yemvelo yemangrove emfuleni iCacheu. IColage kuphela evikelwe ngokusemthethweni. Isenzo sikazwelonke seGuinea-Bissau ezindaweni ezivikelwe sibona amasayithi emvelo angcwele njengezindawo zenkolo. Uma lezo zindawo zemvelo ezingcwele zitholakala ezindaweni ezivikelwe, isimo sabo semvelo asinakuguqulwa. Ukufinyelela kukhawulelwe ngokuya ngemithetho yomphakathi wendawo. Umthetho ophathelene nobunikazi bomhlaba uqinisekisa ukuthi abahlali bendabuko banelungelo lokuwuthola. Umthetho wehlathi wakamuva wenza ukuthi kubonakale amahlathi omphakathi aphethwe ngabantu bendawo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa yi-DGFF (Direction Genérale des Forêts et Faune / Umqondisi Jikelele Wamahlathi nezilwane zasendle) kuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwabo. Ukuzingela akuvunyelwe esifundeni futhi ukudoba kuvunyelwe kuphela kubantu bendawo. Kuze kube manje, amathuluzi wezomthetho ahlala engasebenzi uma kunikezwa ukuphoqelelwa kwawo okunganele kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwawo okubuthakathaka kwezinye izinyathelo zenqubomgomo yemikhakha.
Imiphumela
Ukulondolozwa kwamasayithi emvelo angcwele asesimweni sawo samanje yimiphakathi yendawo kubalulekile, kepha izinsongo zihlala zifanele. Izifundo ezenziwe yi-FIBA zisekela izinyathelo zokuqala zokukhulisa ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kwamasayithi emvelo angcwele kanye nezinsongo ababhekana nazo. Inzalo yezemfundo isekela ukuqashelwa kwalokho obekungacatshangwa njengokuhlukumeza. Kuvele imithetho emisha, kepha izici zezindawo zemvelo ezingcwele ezihlukile kufanele zicaciswe ukuhambisana okusebenzayo.
Lesi fetish sikhombisa umngcele wendawo engcwele yasolwandle iKawawana. Izindawo ezingcwele ezindaweni zasolwandle zivame ukuhlotshaniswa namathabhu maqondana nokufinyelela nokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza njengokudoba, ukuhamba ngesikebhe neminye imisebenzi. (Photo: inkantolo kaJulien Semelin.)
Umdansi wesilisa wendabuko waseBijago ubamba iqhaza emcimbini. Abesilisa nabesifazane badansa imidanso eyehlukene necacile enikezela ukwenziwa kobungcwele bempilo. Njengoba izinkolelo ze-animist zihlala ziqinile kulezi ziqhingi azikho engozini kepha kunalokho izici zazo nazo zifakwa ebuKristwini naseSulumane. (Photo: Lafiba.)
Owesifazane waseBijagos ogqoke ingubo yomdabu ependwe ngengxube yamafutha esundu nobumba olubomvu. Emphakathini we-matriarchal Bijagos owesifazane unesikhundla esiphakeme phezu kokubusa nokwenza izinqumo emphakathini. Ngoba amaBijagos esiqhingini esiqhelile amasiko awo amaningi ahlala engaguquki. (Photo: Lafiba.)- Kusho u-A.R., ICardoso L., Indjai B. noDa Silva Nhaga H. (2011). Ukuhlonza kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo ezingcwele zasogwini nezasolwandle eNtshonalanga Afrika. Umbiko weGuinea-Bissau.
