"Unique samples of medieval monastic architecture adorn the summits of the Meteora rock pillars. The first monasteries were established in the fourteenth century, when monastic communities first began to develop. In all, twenty-four monasteries were inhabited during the fif- teenth and sixteenth centuries, although today only six are still active" - Lyratzaki, 2006.
incazelo Site
On the plains of the Thessaly region Greece lay the Antichasia Mountains with the large sacred natural site of Meteora. It is a set of twenty four monasteries, some over six hundred years old, rising above the ground on a number of massive rock pillars which have been shaped by long exposure to powerful elementary forces, including earthquakes and rivers. It is a site for pilgrimage and confession for Orthodox Christians. Akuzona zonke izivakashi zalo ezingabahambi, nakuba. Inani elikhulu labantu liza eMeteora ukuncoma indawo ephefumulayo, Indawo ye-UNESCO World Heritage yawo womabili amagugu awo wemvelo namasiko. Ngenkathi izivakashi ziletha umcebo wezinto ezibonakalayo kusayithi, Baphinde basongele ngamanani abo. Noma kunjalo kubonakala sengathi kunethemba lokuthi kwenziwe ngcono.
"Ngaphakathi kwaleli lizwe- Isikhafu Somama Obabazekayo, amavolumu nokwenziwa, Umuntu unaye lowo umuzwa ongavamile wokuzizwa mncane futhi mkhulu ngasikhathi sinye phambi kwale misebenzi yemvelo evelele yobuciko"
- Lyratzaki, 2006.
izinsongo
Ezokuvakasha zisongo kakhulu enkolweni yendawo, Isiko nendawo yendawo. Akagcini nje kuphela ukuthi izivakashi zisongele ngokuqondile i-ecosystems ngethrafikhi yemoto, Ukungcoliswa komsindo nezidingo ezandayo zengqalasizinda kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucumfucu. Ziletha nokugeleza kwemali ngomthelela ongemuhle ngendlela ebonakalayo yempilo yemiphakathi ethile ye-monastic. Ngobuchwepheshe obukhulayo obungalawulwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane kanye nomanyolo kubangela inhlabathi nokungcoliswa kwamanzi komhlaba. Olunye usongo olukhulu lugcwele, okulimaza isimo semvelo semvelo yendawo.
Vision
Uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlanganisiwe futhi oluphelele lubalulekile ekuvikelweni okusebenzayo kakhulu kwemvelo, Ifa Lamasiko nelingokomoya Lesifunda. Indlela ephakathi kufanele itholakale ukuze ubungcwele bendawo bugcinwe ngaphakathi kwentuthuko yabo. Bonke ababambiqhaza kufanele bavume ngalolu hlelo lokuphatha. Ukuqwashisa umphakathi kufanele kukhuphuke, Isibonelo ngokusebenzisa izikhungo zabavakashi eziqondiswa izindela, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zomgwaqo, Ukuchaza ukuxhumana okusondele phakathi kwemvelo nobungcwele esizeni. Ukuqeqeshwa ezikoleni zasendaweni nasemabhizinisini kungakusekela lokhu. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwemiphakathi ye-monastic esifundeni, Ukuphakamisa lokhu kuqashelwa kungasebenza kakhulu uma abaholi benkolo bekwenza lokho.
Action
Izikhungo ezahlukahlukene zemfundo ziye zaqhuba izifundo ezahlukahlukene ukuqwashisa ngezinkinga esifundeni. Imihlangano yocwaningo namasemina ahlelwe ngamanyuvesi, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Socwaningo Nezinhlangano Zentuthuko. Imisebenzi Yokubuyisela Isiza ukulondolozwa kwezikhumbuzo zamasiko.
Policy and Law
I-Meteora inegama lendawo ekhethekile yokuvikela ngaphansi kwe-European Union Directive ngokulondolozwa kwezinyoni zasendle. Kubhalwe futhi njenge-natura 2000 site and a UNESCO world Heritage Site for its Natural and Cultural Values. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is declared a Sacred, Holy and Immutable Site with law 2351/1995, in order to protect the monuments and the heirlooms, and to safeguard their spiritual character. The main authorities in the region are the municipalities of local cities, the monastic community and the Seventh Ephorate of Byzantine Antiquities, as part of the Greek Ministry of Culture.
Ecology Biodiversity
The area is a mosaic of hills, izintaba, rocks and caves. Oak forest hills, riverine Plane forests and surrounding pastures provide habitats for 163 recorded bird species, ten of which are protected. They also house a variety of mammal species, including the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), the European Wolf (Canis lupus) and the Lesser Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros). Several endemic flower species are present, Phakathi kwazo okusongelayo I-Pountaurea Kalambakensisis futhi I-Centaurea Chrycecephala.
abagcina
Namuhla, Imiphakathi eyisithupha kuphela ehlala esizeni. Impilo yezindela zeMeteora imakwe ngamanani amasiko neyokomoya akwasayithi, Futhi indlela yabo yokuphila isakazekela emadolobhaneni angomakhelwane. Ngenkathi ingxenye enkulu yemibono yawo yi-Orthodox, Iningi lezinkambiso zabo namagugu ahlonishwa futhi aqondwa ngumphakathi jikelele, Kungakhathalekile ukuthi bangemuva kwabo. Ingxenye enkulu yemali engenayo yabantu yendawo incike kwizivakashi abazidlulisela kubani lezi zindinganiso. Lapho izindela zinikeza izinkambo eziqondisiwe lapho zidonsela khona ukunaka kwezivakashi ezimfanelweni ezingokomoya ze-meteora, Babona ushintsho ekuboneni izivakashi zeSayithi, Ngokuphikisana nokuvakasha okujwayelekile okunikezwe ngabaqondisi bezivakashi, lapho ubukhulu bokomoya besayithi buvame ukulahlekelwa khona. Izindela ngokwesiko ngokwesiko izicucu ezahlukahlukene ze-artisanal kanye ne-calligraphic. I-Hermits isahlala emigodini yendawo ehlukahlukene. Amasiko omsuka wobuqaba adangele yonke le minyaka, nokho imikhosi eminingi yendawo ihlala ihlelwe izinkathi zonyaka.
Coalition
Kuze kube manje, Alikho ibhizinisi elilodwa eliphethe ukuvikela kwezemvelo kwesiza. IHhovisi Lokuhlola Amahlathi, UMnyango Wezemvelo Wezemvelo, Amandla nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kuholela ekuphathweni okuphelele kwesifunda, Ngenkathi amadwala evikelwe insizakalo yemivubukulo. Umphakathi weMonestic unesifiso sokuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi wenza lokho okungakuvikela amanani awo wemvelo. Kuze kube manje akukaze kube khona ukunyakaza okuhlangene ekuvikelweni kwemvelo. Ocwaningweni lwezemvelo yisikhungo sikazwelonke socwaningo lwezolimo lwaluyelulekwa ukuba lusungulwe ngomzimba ophakathi nendawo. Ngeshwa akukaze kwenziwe ngenxa yenkinga yezimali.
amathuluzi Conservation
Amathuluzi emigomo yokulondolozwa kwendawo yendawo iqoqo lemikhawulo ehlinzekwa yizinhlaka ezithintekayo. Endaweni ezungeze isakhiwo sezinsika anqatshelwe ngokuphelele futhi edolobhaneni eliseduze laseKastraki, okubonakala njengokuxazululwa kwendabuko, Kulawulwa. Kusukela isayithi limenyezelwe ngcwele, ukugibela okunama-hang-gliming kanye ne-rock kukhawulelwe emadwaleni athile.
Izikhumbuzo ngokwazo zibuyiselwa ngokulungiswa kabusha kwezakhiwo kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinto zazo ezibalulekile. Umphakathi we-monastic ulawula ezokuvakasha ezingokomoya ngokugcina uhlelo izivakashi ezingathinta khona izindela futhi zifinyelele ezindlini zezindela.
Imiphumela
Izimemezelo zeMeteora njengendawo yemvelo evikelekile nezamasiko bekulokhu kubalulekile imiphumela yokuqala empini yokulondolozwa kwayo. Enqubweni, Izikhungo ezahlukahlukene zishicilele imibiko eminingana yesayensi yezifundo endaweni, nezincomo zilandelwa ngokucophelela yizindela ezakhiweni, abakwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze balondoloze indawo. Futhi banomuzwa wokuthi umzamo wabo wokwethula izivakashi eziqondiswe ngokwamasiko ezintweni ezingokomoya zendawo zisiza abaningi ukuba bakubone njengesikhumbuzo esingcwele. Kodwa ngenkathi ukuqwashisa kuphakanyiswe ngempumelelo, Kudingeka imizamo enkulu yokugcina lo mphakathi ungcwele njengoba kunjalo.
"Esikhathini esedlule, caverns were – and some still are – places where hermits resided, whilst the monasteries were built on top of the huge rock pinnacles. Ngaphezu kwalokho, many local customs are related to the changing of the seasons and Mother Nature herself" - Lyratzaki, 2006.
- Lyratzaki I (2006) Meteora World Heritage Site. Thessaly, Greece. In: UMallarach JM noPapayannis T. (Eds.). Ezivikelwe nezomoya. Ekuqhubeni i-workshop ye lokuqala Delos Initiative - Montserrat. izincwadi PAM. Montserrat.
- Meteora – UNESCO world heritage site: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/455
- Irini Lyratsaki, Programme officer for Delos Initiative
