Incwadi entsha, Sacred Amasayithi Natural: Ukulondoloza imvelo namasiko, kwethulwa i-IUCN namuhla engqungqutheleni ye-Convention on Biological Diversity eNagoya, Japan. Ukwethulwa kuyingxenye yomcimbi ohlelwe ngokubambisana phakathi kwe-ETC-COMPAS ne-IUCN futhi uzinikele ekukhuthazeni izindawo zemvelo ezingcwele nendima yazo ebalulekile ekulondolozeni imvelo namasiko. Le ncwadi isuselwa kokuhlangenwe nakho okuvela emhlabeni wonke okuqokomisa ukubaluleka kweziza zemvelo ezingcwele ekulondolozweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nobudlelwano obudala phakathi kwemvelo nabantu.
Iziza zemvelo ezingcwele zifaka izindawo ezibhekwa njengezingcwele abantu bomdabu kanye nendabuko kanye nezindawo eziqashelwa izinkolo noma izinkolo njengezindawo zokukhulekela nezikhumbuzo.. Ziyizindawo zokongiwa kwemvelo ezindala kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ziqukethe amazinga aphezulu okuhlukahluka kwebhayoloji namasiko. Zivikela izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala, gada amasiko esintu, izinqubo nolwazi oluhlobene nokongiwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kanye nokukhuthaza ukuhloniphana phakathi kwabantu nemvelo.
Kodwa namuhla le nethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yokongiwa kwemvelo neyomphakathi ayiqondwa ngokwanele noma ayaziwa. Ixhaswe ngemali encane futhi iya ngokuya isengozini. Njengoba siqhubeka sikhuthaza intuthuko ngaphandle kwezindleko zemvelo, sichitha lezi zingosi ngokungazi, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kanye nokuxhashazwa ngokweqile kwezinsiza. Asikwazi futhi ikakhulukazi ukubaluleka kwazo ekugcineni nokubuyisela ubudlelwano obunenjongo nobuqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu nemvelo..
“Iziza zemvelo ezingcwele zihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kodwa futhi nokuqhubeka kwemikhuba yamasiko,” uthi bass Verschuuren, Usihlalo ohlanganyele weQembu Lochwepheshe le-IUCN Emavelulweni Ezamasiko Nangokomoya Wezindawo Ezivikelekile kanye nomxhumanisi wohlelo ne-ETC-COMPASkanye nomhleli oholayo wencwadi. “Njengoba iningi lezinsongo izingosi zemvelo ezingcwele ezibhekana nazo namuhla, njengezokuvakasha, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokukhula kwamadolobha, kuthinta kokubili izindinganiso zamasiko nezebhayoloji, benza buthaka ubudlelwano obukhethekile phakathi kwabantu nemvelo obujwayelekile kulezi zindawo futhi buyigugu hhayi nje emasikweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele kodwa nasesintwini sisonke.”
Abanye abahleli bebhuku bahlanganisa URobert G. Wild, USihlalo WeQembu Lochwepheshe Le-IUCN Ngezindinganiso Zamasiko Nezomoya Zezindawo Ezivikelekile, UJeffrey A. McNeely, Umeluleki Omkhulu Wezesayensi we-IUCN futhiU-Gonzalo Oviedo IUCN Umeluleki Omkhulu Wenqubomgomo Yezenhlalakahle. Incwadi iqukethe 27 izahluko ezinikelwe ngu 55 ababhali abagxile ekusabalaleni okubanzi kwendawo kokubili okuyisibonelo nezibonelo ezingaziwa kakhulu zezindawo zemvelo ezingcwele. Lezi zindawo zikhona ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezindawo ezivikelwe noma ezinye izindawo eziqokiwe futhi zifaka phakathi izihlahla ezingcwele zaseWestern Ghats (India), izintaba ezingcwele zaseSagarmatha /Chomolongma (Mt Everest, Nepal, Tibet – futhi China), Golden Ezintabeni Altai (Russia) kanye ne-Holy Island yaseLindisfarne (UK) kanye namachibi engcwele eNiger Delta (Nigeria).
“Amanethiwekhi ezindawo zemvelo ezingcwele atholakala kuwo wonke amazwe,” uthi UJeff McNeely. “Eziningi zazo ziyizindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-biocultural diversity. Nakuba i-Convention on Biological Diversity ikubona ukubaluleka kwazo, isidingo sokuqashelwa okwengeziwe, ukulondolozwa nokubuyiselwa kufanele kwenziwe kucace kakhudlwana.”
Ababhali baphinde bagqamise isidingo sokubona indima ebalulekile edlalwa abagcini balezi zindawo ekuvikeleni ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kanye namasiko..
“Abanakekeli bezindawo ezingcwele zemvelo banemithwalo yemfanelo ehlukile ngaphakathi kwendawo, imiphakathi yomdabu neyenkolo.” uthi Gonzalo Oviedo. “Badlala indima ebalulekile ekubuseni komphakathi wabo nasebudlelwaneni babo nomhlaba. Banolwazi oluthile oluyingqayizivele lwemikhuba yamasiko nengokomoya, imithi yesintu, ukuzalanisa imfuyo kanye nemijikelezo yezolimo. Banikela ezimisweni zendawo yonke ezigcina ubudlelwano babantu nomhlaba.”
IUCN, ngeQembu Lalo Lochwepheshe Kwezamasiko Nezimiso Zokomoya Ezindaweni Ezivikelekile, uzibophezele ekusizeni ukuvikela lawa masayithi. Kodwa kuningi okusamele kwenziwe.
“Sithanda ukubona ukuphathwa kangcono kwalezi zindawo eziqaphela futhi zihloniphe ulwazi oluphusile lokongiwa kwemvelo lwabagadi nemiphakathi,. Lokhu kudinga ukwesekwa kwabakhi benqubomgomo, ongoti kwezokongiwa kwemvelo, abameli nezifundiswa,” uthi Robert Wild. “Ukuqonda okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi okwengeziwe ngezindinganiso zebhayoloji nezamasiko zalezi zindawo nakho kuyadingeka uma sifuna ukulondoloza lezi zibonelo eziyigugu zokuhlukahluka kwamasiko eplanethi yethu.. Ezinye izingosi zemvelo ezingcwele zinikeza amamodeli obudlelwane besimilo obujulile besintu nemvelo, izimpawu ezibalulekile kithi sonke uma kubhekwa izinselelo ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke umuntu obhekene nazo.”
I-Convention on Biological Diversity yaqala ukubona ukubaluleka kwezindawo ezingcwele lapho ikhipha Akwé: I-Kon Voluntary Guidelines Yokuhlola Umthelela Kumasayithi Angcwele in 2004. INgqungquthela Yamaqembu njengamanje ixoxa ngoHlelo Lwe-CBD Lokusebenza Ezindaweni Ezivikelekile, okuyinto – nakuba ingakhulumi ngokusobala amasayithi emvelo angcwele – inikeza amathuba okwenza okuthile ukuze ibavikele. Le Ngqungquthela futhi icubungula uhlelo oluhlongozwayo lomsebenzi wokwehlukahlukana kwamasiko ngokubambisana ne-UNESCO, lapho izingosi ezingcwele zingase zibe isihloko esibalulekile. I-IUCN ibiza amaqembu e-CBD ukuthi anake kakhulu amasayithi angcwele ngalezi nezinye izinhlelo nezinyathelo.
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, sicela uxhumane:
Gonzalo Oviedo
Umeluleki Omkhulu we-IUCN, Inqubomgomo Yezenhlalakahle
i-imeyili: gonzalo.oviedo@iucn.org
ucingo. +81 (0) 80 10 03 40 67
bass Verschuuren
Usihlalo Co-sihlalo we-IUCN's Specialist Group on
Amagugu Amasiko Nangokomoya Ezindawo Ezivikelwe
i-imeyili: basverschuuren@gmail.com
Umthombo: iucn.org
